Power Costs:
The power used by the Teleporter depends on A) What is being teleported and B) How far it is going.
Below is (Hopefully) the formula for teleportation costs.
Cost to teleport an Animal: Distance * 100
Cost to teleport a Mob: Distance * 500
Cost to teleport a Player: Distance * (1000 + Inventory + Armor)
Inventory: For each non empty slot add (100 * Current stack size) / Max stack size
Armor: For each equipped armor add 100.
Example:
Teleporting a player with only chest armor, boots, 64 cobblestone and 20 dirt for 15 distance.
Base cost: 1000
Inventory cost: Cobblestone(100 * 64/64) + Dirt(100 * 20/64) = 131.25
Armor cost: Chest(100) + Boots(100)
Player weight: 1000 + 131.25 + 200 = 1331.25
Total: 1331.25 * 15 (Distance) = 19,968.75 EU
As you can see, the power requirements easily exceed even HV Cable, which is why a cable connection is insufficient. Although, an HV Cable might be sufficient for teleporting animals short distances (untested).
Distance calculated
Distances are calculated in Euclidean meters.
Distance = sqrt( (dx)^2 + (dy)^2 + (dz)^2 )
dx is distance in x direction, dy in y direction and so on.
The distance is rounded down to the nearest Natural number.
Example:
If you place a teleporter at (10,50,-20) and another at (30,15,-60)
dx = 30-10 = 20
dy = 15-50 = -35
dz = (-60)-(-20) = -40
Distance = sqrt ( 20^2 + (-35)^2 + (-40)^2 ) = 56.78908
Rounded down to 56
Assuming it will be used by a player carrying the maximal amount (inventory and hot bar full with maximal stacks size and full armor set) the teleporter will drain 5000 EU / meter. The energy requirements for this instance.
Total energy for maximum inventory jump 56 meter * 5000 EU / meter = 280 000 EU
Note! Teleporter energy drains have a minimum distance of 20 meters. Meaning any teleportation event under 20 meters will drain energy as if the distance would be 20 meters. Distances above 20 meters are calculated per normal.