Name: Rock Pulverizer or just Pulverizer or (Advanced) Mineral Extractor
Description: You usually mine ore in large veins, but there are still traces of minerals present in ordinary rock. This machine extracts this valuable minerals by pulverizing rock to a fine powder and separating the desired elements from the dross with magnets. On one end, you throw in cobblestone (and it will take many, many cobblestone to yield even a single mineral dust); the machine sets to work and slowly builds up its meters of the various minerals it can extract until it has enough to be a useful quantity and dumps the dust into the designated bin.
For an idea of how much cobblestone will be required and what kind of yield we can expect, we can look at what ore and dusts we can get from recycling the same volume of cobblestone. Using the data on the IC2 wiki, 10,000 cobblestone recycled into scrap, crafted into scrapboxes, opening all the scrapboxes, discarding everything other than ore and dust and macerating the ore into dust, should yield on average 2.097 glowstone dust, 2.097 coal dust, 2.361 redstone dust, 4.486 gold dust, 4.486 iron dust, 5.792 copper dust, and 5.792 tin dust (these are decimal points, not commas).
I would argue that this machine should have no less yield than the above method for these dusts, especially as it has no chance at giving diamonds (diamonds have to be found as gem-quality crystals, not dust). In addition, it should be able to take more than just cobblestone. It should be able to take smooth stone for the same yield as cobble; sand, dirt, and gravel for much lower yield except perhaps for coal dust; and obsidian for better yields than ordinary stone. Netherrack is also possible, and would probably be high yield of glowstone and maybe gold (from the pig zombies) but not so much if any of the others. Lastly, if balance permits (you haven't seen the price of this machine yet), if mineral ores are thrown in, this machine is so good at extracting every last bit that it can yield three dust per ore block.
As for speed and energy requirements, I propose it process cobblestone at the same rate as a recycler and use as much energy as a macerator overclocked to run at the same speed.
Recipe: Macerator in the middle, Recycler in the bottom middle, Extractor in the top middle, two advanced machines on the sides, two advanced circuits in the upper corners, and two magnetizers in the lower corners. Alternatively, the advanced circuits could be replaced by Energy Crystals or even Lapotron Crystals, if required for balance.
tl;dr : Upgraded Recycler/Macerator hybrid, approx same tier as Induction Furnace, reduces lots of cobblestone to a small amount of mineral dusts and zero diamonds.